{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "Claim",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/positions/2026-07-31-6690",
 "identifier": "kaal:position:2026-07-31-6690",
 "additionalType": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/positions/schema.json#AffirmedPositionClaim",
 "name": "Streaming Blockchain And Hashing Algorithms A Review 50D78Fcf14",
 "text": "Blockchain and hashing algorithms: A review presents the following source proposition: Cryptocurrencies use a secure, distributed ledger system called blockchain and mining is an essential part of it. This proposition is pertinent to Kaal's source-bound claim that Cryptographic hashing makes tampering with blockchain records extremely difficult because even a minuscule change produces a different hash value, rendering manipulation instantly and readily detectable. The proposed response is an extension: the relationship should remain limited to the retrieved source proposition and the mapped Kaal claim unless fuller source review supports a broader conclusion.",
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7840-1847"
 },
 "datePublished": "2026-07-31",
 "dateModified": "2026-07-31",
 "creativeWorkStatus": "Affirmed",
 "responseType": "extension",
 "keywords": [
  "blockchain",
  "consensus-and-security",
  "citation-and-knowledge",
  "historical-response",
  "scholarly-literature",
  "openalex"
 ],
 "scope_conditions": [
  "The response is limited to the retrieved source proposition and mapped Kaal claim unless fuller source review supports a broader conclusion.",
  "External evidence level: abstract indexed.",
  "Mapping review tier: moderate-confidence claim review.",
  "Primary mapping confidence: 0.4064.",
  "The source-to-claim mapping remains explicitly ambiguous and is published with that limitation."
 ],
 "currentDebate": {
  "name": "Blockchain and hashing algorithms: A review",
  "url": "https://doi.org/10.32968/psaie.2023.3.8"
 },
 "extends": {
  "identifier": "kaal:claim:3227967-019",
  "url": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3227967-019",
  "citation": "Mark Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P.M. Vermeulen, Legal Education in a Digital Age Why 'Coding for Lawyers' Matters (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3227967",
  "paper": "Mark Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P.M. Vermeulen, Legal Education in a Digital Age Why 'Coding for Lawyers' Matters",
  "authors": [
   "Wulf A. Kaal"
  ],
  "year": "2018",
  "ssrn": "https://ssrn.com/abstract=3227967",
  "source_pdf_sha256": "f6e13b956f864ab32ec3305d095a35a127770327d75b3688f785cefc437d369f"
 },
 "isBasedOn": [
  {
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3227967-019"
  },
  {
   "@type": "CreativeWork",
   "name": "Blockchain and hashing algorithms: A review",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.32968/psaie.2023.3.8"
  }
 ],
 "batch_id": "kaal-review:2026-07-31:streaming-etl-0005",
 "review_provenance": "https://kaal-signal-desk.wulf577462.chatgpt.site/#review",
 "publicationStatus": "public",
 "recordTypeNote": "Dated commentary position extending a scholarly corpus claim. Not a verbatim claim extracted from the paper.",
 "isPartOf": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/positions/index.json"
 },
 "version": "1.0",
 "canonical_url": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/positions/2026-07-31-6690",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/positions/2026-07-31-6690.md",
 "candidateId": "kaal:response-draft:2026-07-31:a4ebf91f56846d4adab7",
 "evidenceLevel": "abstract indexed",
 "reviewTier": "moderate-confidence claim review",
 "mappingConfidence": 0.4064,
 "mappingAmbiguous": true,
 "mappingMethod": "idf-weighted multi-field mapping v1",
 "mappingWhyRelevant": "Shared high-information concepts: blockchain, hashing, algorithms, hash, security. Scope: records secured by cryptographic hash functions.",
 "sourceProvenance": {
  "source": "openalex",
  "sourceRecordId": "https://openalex.org/W4416308462",
  "queryId": "concept:ee778ad15ea3",
  "queryText": "decentralized autonomous organization",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://doi.org/10.32968/psaie.2023.3.8",
  "doi": "10.32968/psaie.2023.3.8",
  "externalIds": {
   "OpenAlex": "https://openalex.org/W4416308462",
   "DOI": "10.32968/psaie.2023.3.8"
  },
  "retrievedAt": "2026-07-31T17:52:28.136Z",
  "providerPage": 28,
  "rawObservationSha256": "b3faa4d7c990bb77b30695ddcb85528347906785f9b215a14b968fd24c804751",
  "inputSnapshotSha256": "bdb2cd83e925a3abd26bab9a4375d1355c1d8fbab8736869dc7845f3ba159924",
  "inputLine": 13005,
  "chunkId": "openalex-00006",
  "workId": "work:doi:10.32968/psaie.2023.3.8",
  "workAuthors": [
   "Yassir Soulaimani",
   "Károly Nehéz"
  ],
  "workPublishedAt": "2023-01-01",
  "identityKeys": [
   "doi:10.32968/psaie.2023.3.8",
   "openalex:https://openalex.org/w4416308462",
   "url:https://doi.org/10.32968/psaie.2023.3.8",
   "title:097e4845290e9fb8e83e4401",
   "proposition:31bace7a396c6e2801706d06c7ec6ff6df4d2098ae211f89483cdfbbfb733dfa"
  ],
  "sourceProposition": "Cryptocurrencies use a secure, distributed ledger system called blockchain and mining is an essential part of it.",
  "sourcePropositionSha256": "ac6fd2640912e34f4b4bfab8f7805d8bf90e977e3ca3b33d5b87d4acec3e37fa",
  "sourcePropositionIndex": 0,
  "claimMappings": [
   {
    "claimId": "kaal:claim:3227967-019",
    "claimUrl": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3227967-019",
    "rank": 1,
    "confidence": 0.4064,
    "method": "idf-weighted multi-field mapping v1",
    "whyRelevant": "Shared high-information concepts: blockchain, hashing, algorithms, hash, security. Scope: records secured by cryptographic hash functions.",
    "ambiguous": true
   },
   {
    "claimId": "kaal:claim:2959730-020",
    "claimUrl": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2959730-020",
    "rank": 2,
    "confidence": 0.4052,
    "method": "idf-weighted multi-field mapping v1",
    "whyRelevant": "Shared high-information concepts: blockchain, hashing, hash, applications, security. Scope: chained hashing that incorporates all prior transactions.",
    "ambiguous": true
   },
   {
    "claimId": "kaal:claim:3266953-001",
    "claimUrl": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3266953-001",
    "rank": 3,
    "confidence": 0.3978,
    "method": "idf-weighted multi-field mapping v1",
    "whyRelevant": "Shared high-information concepts: blockchain, distributed, ledger, technology, data, internet. Scope: internet based platform businesses; distributed ledger technology businesses.",
    "ambiguous": true
   },
   {
    "claimId": "kaal:claim:3396522-029",
    "claimUrl": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3396522-029",
    "rank": 4,
    "confidence": 0.3888,
    "method": "idf-weighted multi-field mapping v1",
    "whyRelevant": "Shared high-information concepts: blockchain, cryptocurrencies, part, cryptocurrency, technology, security. Scope: review source claim scope.",
    "ambiguous": true
   },
   {
    "claimId": "kaal:claim:3266953-003",
    "claimUrl": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3266953-003",
    "rank": 5,
    "confidence": 0.3717,
    "method": "idf-weighted multi-field mapping v1",
    "whyRelevant": "Shared high-information concepts: blockchain, distributed, ledger, technology, internet. Scope: trust migrated from organizations to machines and algorithms.",
    "ambiguous": true
   }
  ]
 },
 "userAffirmation": "I affirm batch kaal-review:2026-07-31:streaming-etl-0005, SHA-256 38dc4a26b86055f59a04f2f22c00881f6c50aa4c4e33c702b9de7f310a3e9995, as written and authorize publication of all 248 response claims on my canonical property, preserving their evidence levels, ambiguity labels, provenance, and the unchanged 5,033 scholarly claims.",
 "sha256": "bd455ac491a7358a5820c7f370e91a0dc615ec1b5e48c1a115325919b54ae44c"
}