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 "text": "Lu, Yuan, and McLeod qualify Kaal's narrow account of the promoted deliberation hypotheses. Their meta-analysis covers 65 hidden-profile studies, 101 independent effects, and 3,189 groups. Hidden-profile groups discussed substantially more common than unique information and were eight times less likely to find the solution than full-information groups. Information coverage and discussion focus were positively related to decision quality, but group size, information load, task demonstrability, and hidden-profile strength moderated the results. The evidence supports a limited inference: deliberation can change which information reaches the group without making the pool smarter in net. The study concerns human groups and hidden-profile tasks. It does not test autonomous agents, Kaal's cohort, or either registered hypothesis.",
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