Qualification: Statistical tests, P values, confidence intervals, and power: a guide to misinterpretations
Greenland and coauthors provide an interpretation boundary for the reported interval. Their framework treats an interval as a model-dependent summary of effect sizes that remain more compatible with the data than values outside the range. Kaal reports an aggregate selection slope of 0.0685 and an uncertainty interval from -0.0568 to 0.2020. The range spans negative, null, and positive slopes. It therefore does not fix the direction of the selection trajectory at the interim checkpoint. The qualification is methodological. Greenland and coauthors analyze confidence intervals and the assumptions that support them. They do not identify Kaal's interval construction, recalculate the slope, inspect the registered estimator, or audit the underlying E2B record. Kaal's source separately classifies the interim estimates as inconclusive. The numerical result remains source-bound.
research-methodsai-and-agentsscholarly-growth-coveragescholarly-literaturestatistical-inferenceinterval-estimationuncertaintyevidence-provenance