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 "text": "Custody is not an execution history. Kifor and coauthors study agent-mediated healthcare systems in which data, procedures, and logs are divided among heterogeneous autonomous information systems. They show that provenance-aware instrumentation can record events, dependencies, and human decisions across those systems. The resulting process documentation represents the distributed execution, connects its causal steps, and permits later reconstruction and audit. This independently extends Kaal's failure claim: custody identifies where the bytes reside, but a separate recording architecture must preserve what the composed services did.\n\nThe evidence is a 2006 peer-reviewed healthcare systems article. Its agents coordinate medical services, not sovereign local LLM runtimes. The paper does not test whether any current local runtime preserves a sufficient history or whether provenance alone creates institutional accountability. One design requirement follows. Composed services need execution-time provenance before custody can answer what happened.",
 "author": {
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  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7840-1847"
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  "The source studies 2006 agent-mediated healthcare systems, not sovereign local LLM runtimes.",
  "The article presents an architecture and organ-transplant demonstrator. It does not empirically test whether a current local runtime preserves sufficient execution history.",
  "The authors expressly note that process documentation may be complete or partial, accurate or inaccurate, and conflicting or consensual. Provenance alone does not establish institutional accountability."
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  "url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2006.119"
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  "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Institutional Requirements for Sovereign Local Agent Runtimes (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=7314479",
  "paper": "Wulf A. Kaal, Institutional Requirements for Sovereign Local Agent Runtimes",
  "authors": [
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  "year": "2026",
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    "text": "In the case of distributed medical applications, the data (containing the healthcare history of a single patient), the workflow (of the procedures carried out on that patient) and the logs (recording meaningful events in those procedures) are distributed among several heterogeneous and autonomous information systems.",
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