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 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/positions/2026-09-21-010",
 "identifier": "kaal:position:2026-09-21-010",
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 "name": "Hallucination Redefined Not Eliminated",
 "text": "A model that must pick from a closed list cannot invent a citation, but it can still pick the wrong item. Kaal's position is that closed-choice decision engines redefine hallucination rather than eliminate it: the error moves from fabricated text to confident misclassification.",
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7840-1847"
 },
 "datePublished": "2026-09-21",
 "dateModified": "2026-09-21",
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 "keywords": [
  "ai-and-agents",
  "risk-and-incentives"
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 "scope_conditions": [
  "TypeSafe's post announces a product. It is not an empirical test of these claims.",
  "The position is Kaal's own argument in the essay After RLHF Comes a Stack, Not a Model.",
  "The position does not evaluate Jev's accuracy, which TypeSafe has not published a calibration figure for.",
  "The accountable-validation layer is proposed, not tested: no policy has yet been trained under it."
 ],
 "currentDebate": {
  "name": "TypeSafe, Introducing System One models and Jev (TypeSafe blog, 2026), and the promotional claim that Jev is what comes after RLHF",
  "url": "https://typesafe.ai/blog/introducing-system-one-models-and-jev"
 },
 "extends": {
  "identifier": "kaal:claim:5541658-007",
  "url": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5541658-007",
  "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Morgan A. Gray, The Evolving Role of Artificial Intelligence in Law (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5541658",
  "paper": "Wulf A. Kaal, Morgan A. Gray, The Evolving Role of Artificial Intelligence in Law (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5541658. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5541658",
  "authors": [
   "Wulf A. Kaal",
   "Morgan A. Gray"
  ],
  "year": "2025",
  "ssrn": "https://ssrn.com/abstract=5541658",
  "source_pdf_sha256": "e543a2d698fcd522d4d02e034cc9ee1344d0015d2c824b40b9e05ab7c0728c60"
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 "review_provenance": "https://wulfkaal.com/2026/09/21/after-rlhf-comes-a-stack-not-a-model/",
 "publicationStatus": "public",
 "recordTypeNote": "Dated commentary position extending a scholarly corpus claim. Not a verbatim claim extracted from the paper.",
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  "sourcePassage": "Second, zero hallucination is a redefinition, not an elimination.",
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