The positive market reaction at announcement and at the start of the term is the market acknowledging that an N/DPA gives the firm an opportunity to be better managed, more compliant, and less exposed to penalties.
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Consistent with Hypothesis 2, we interpret the positive market reaction at ANDPA and BNDPAT as the market's acknowledgement that the execution and effectiveness of an N/DPA is an opportunity for the entity to be better managed, more compliant, with fewer possibilities to incur penalties
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