failure mode index

How these systems break, and under what conditions.

2134 claims in 57 families, drawn from the published works of Wulf A. Kaal. Machine readable: index.json.

Family	Claims
recentralization drift	123
regulatory lag	102
rule obsolescence and ossification	97
enforcement gap	83
research design limitation	81
staking and incentive misalignment	63
valuation and pricing failure	62
measurement and metric failure	62
reputation system gaming	59
collective action and coordination failure	55
ai oversight and alignment gap	55
governance participation collapse	51
agency cost and managerial opportunism	50
definitional ambiguity	45
adoption and usability barrier	44
data quality and comparability	44
investor protection gap	43
scalability and throughput limit	42
innovation chilling	41
supervisory capacity gap	39
ai model and training failure	39
board and oversight failure	38
plutocratic capture	38
disclosure ineffectiveness	37
liquidity and market structure failure	37
cold start and bootstrapping	36
jurisdictional conflict	35
compliance cost and barrier to entry	35
harmonization and standardization failure	34
legal personality and liability gap	34
smart contract rigidity	34
incumbent resistance to adoption	33
human judgment displacement	32
other	31
inequality and access divide	29
consensus and protocol attack	29
sybil and identity attack	28
information asymmetry	27
fraud and misconduct	25
regulatory arbitrage	24
sample and selection bias	21
trigger design failure	21
systemic risk transmission	20
regulatory capture and incumbent advantage	16
privacy and surveillance risk	16
transition and migration risk	15
interoperability and fragmentation	15
short termism	15
smart contract bug and exploit	14
oracle and input corruption	14
custody and key loss	14
moral hazard and bailout expectation	13
token transferability defect	13
disclosure cost and burden	10
provenance and audit integrity	8
institutional underprovision	7
environmental and resource cost	6