kaal:position:2026-07-31-6526

Title: Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) and IT Governance: The basis for DeFi, CBDC and tokenized assets. presents the following source proposition: DeFi does not rely on intermediaries and centralized institutions. This proposition is pertinent to Kaal's source-bound claim that Between 2011 and 2018 there were 56 cyberattacks on cryptocurrency exchanges, initial coin offerings and other digital currency platforms worldwide, totaling $1.63 billion in hacking related losses. The proposed response is an extension: the relationship should remain limited to the retrieved source proposition and the mapped Kaal claim unless fuller source review supports a broader conclusion.

• The response is limited to the retrieved source proposition and mapped Kaal claim unless fuller source review supports a broader conclusion.
• External evidence level: abstract indexed.
• Mapping review tier: moderate-confidence claim review.
• Primary mapping confidence: 0.3521.
• The source-to-claim mapping remains explicitly ambiguous and is published with that limitation.

Title: Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) and IT Governance: The basis for DeFi, CBDC and tokenized assets.

kaal:claim:3936876-015
Wulf A. Kaal, Hayley Howe, Custody of Digital Assets (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3936876
Source PDF sha256: 9bc0903d01910460298e754c451f027df4324367359800a98ee8e638d94aff55

Evidence: abstract indexed
Review tier: moderate-confidence claim review
Mapping confidence: 0.3521
Mapping ambiguous: true

deficonsensus-and-securityempirical-evidencehistorical-responsescholarly-literatureopenalex

Affirmed in kaal-review:2026-07-31:streaming-etl-0005 on 2026-07-31. Review record.

Canonical markdown sha256: 6c9d7cad1d399fe186722f97fee4aab000e177d94be36458d3d94d44de853a67
curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/positions/2026-07-31-6526.md | sha256sum