kaal:claim:3227933-001
Centralized, hierarchical organizations are defined by three features: a centralized source of authority, a closed formal hierarchy with functionally differentiated roles, and standardized bureaucratic procedures dictated and policed by that hierarchy.
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(i) a centralized source of authority; (ii) a closed and formal hierarchy with clearly defined and functionally differentiated roles; and, (iii) standardized (bureaucratic) systems and operating procedures dictated and policed by the centralized authority/hierarchy.
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definitionalsupport: asserteddecentralizationinstitutional-design
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